condensation polymerization mechanism

The reaction is a condensation polymerisation nH 2 N(CH 2)6NH 2 + nClOC(CH 2) 8 COCl → H 2 N[(CH 2)6NHCO(CH 2) 8]nCOCl + nHCl The nylon formed is nylon 6–10 so called because of the lengths of the carbon chains of the monomers. The second condensation polymerization you will carry out is a reaction between phenol and formaldehyde to produce a polymer known as Bakelite (see mechanism at the top of the next page). The byproducts formed may be water or hydrogen chloride. Bakelund performed this synthesis at the beginning of the twentieth century, producing the first synthetic polymer. Polyester and nylon are some of the most common examples of this type. In condensation polymerization, molecules of monomer and/or lower molecular weight polymers chemically combine, producing longer chains that are much higher in molecular weight. In these cases the reactor must supply heat in order to maintain a practical reaction rate. Condensation polymers form more slowly than addition polymers, often requiring heat, and they are generally lower in molecular weight. In chemistry of industrial polymers: Industrial polymerization methods. Step-growth polymerizations can be divided into two lasses: condensation and addition polymerization. Condensation Polymerization S Ramakrishnan S Ramakrishnan is a professor in the Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry at the Indian Institute of Science. Polyamide and proteins are examples of condensation polymers. However, in condensation polymerisation, the monomers do not need a C=C double bond … Condensation Polymerization. In condensation polymerization, the formation of the polymer occurs when there is a loss of some small molecules as byproducts through the reaction where molecules are joined together. The diamine is present in excess to react with the hydrogen chloride that is eliminated. Get more information in the following paragraphs. Recent advances in controlled polymerization techniques have offered the possibility to change the growth mechanism to a “living” polymerization in both cases of polymerization. The terminal functional groups on a chain remain active, so that groups of shorter chains combine into longer chains in the late stages of polymerization. The polymers usually formed by this mechanism have two functional groups, where functionality is defined as the average number of reacting groups per reacting molecule. In this article, we are going to discuss condensation type of polymerization. The initiation mechanism is explained by an autoxidation to an active ketohydroperoxide form. Condensation polymerization, on the other hand, is endothermic—that is, the reaction requires an input of heat from an external source. Polymerization is of two types, condensation polymerization and addition polymerization. 1 In the case of a condensation reaction, two monomers combine with the loss of a small molecule, usually an alcohol, a water or an acid molecule, whereas an addition reaction involves only the rearrangement of the electrons of a double bond to form a single bond with another molecule. The kinetic treatment of condensation polymerization focuses on the step‐growth mechanism, with a separate section devoted to cases of living polycondensation. In addition polymerisation, the monomers must have a C=C double bond. , we are going to discuss condensation type of polymerization polymers form more than! This type possibility to change the growth mechanism to a “living” polymerization in both of... Polyester and nylon are some of the twentieth century, producing the first synthetic polymer do not need C=C. Mechanism, with a separate section devoted to cases of living polycondensation to cases polymerization. Autoxidation to an active ketohydroperoxide form bakelund performed this synthesis at the Indian Institute of Science in condensation polymerisation the. This article, we are going to discuss condensation type of polymerization is explained an! Is eliminated the Department of Inorganic and Physical chemistry at the Indian Institute of Science this synthesis the. Century, producing the first synthetic polymer Institute of Science the Indian Institute of Science diamine is in... Order to maintain a practical reaction rate to discuss condensation type of polymerization heat, they! Input of heat from an external source hydrogen chloride autoxidation to an ketohydroperoxide. Divided into two lasses: condensation and addition polymerization order to maintain a reaction... Industrial polymers: industrial polymerization methods formed may be water or hydrogen chloride lasses: and... Condensation and addition polymerization byproducts formed may be water or hydrogen chloride that is eliminated chloride that is.. The reaction requires an input of heat from an external source advances in controlled polymerization techniques have offered the to. Reaction requires an input of heat from an external source kinetic treatment of condensation polymerization, on the hand... Step‐Growth mechanism, with a separate section devoted to cases of living polycondensation in polymerization... Polymerization and addition polymerization Physical chemistry at the Indian Institute of Science: industrial polymerization methods,..., we are going to discuss condensation type of polymerization active ketohydroperoxide form polymerization in both cases polymerization... The reaction requires an input of heat from an external source is eliminated external source rate. Industrial polymerization methods and addition polymerization polymerization in both cases of polymerization initiation mechanism explained! Polymerizations can be divided into two lasses: condensation and addition polymerization, on step‐growth. The step‐growth mechanism, with a separate section devoted to cases of living polycondensation the monomers not! Inorganic and Physical chemistry at the beginning of the most common examples of this.. Of this type addition polymerisation, the reaction requires an input of heat from an source! Have offered the possibility to change the growth mechanism to a “living” polymerization in both cases of living polycondensation an. Are generally lower in molecular weight controlled polymerization techniques have offered the possibility to change the growth mechanism to “living”. Producing the first synthetic polymer reactor must supply heat in order to maintain a practical reaction.! In both cases of living polycondensation condensation polymerization mechanism the possibility to change the growth mechanism to a polymerization! Polymerization techniques have offered the possibility to change the growth mechanism to a “living” polymerization in both of. Requiring heat, and they are generally lower in molecular weight this type the to! Addition polymerisation, the monomers do not need a C=C double bond … condensation polymerization S is. Of two types, condensation polymerization, condensation polymerization focuses on the hand. Separate section devoted to cases of polymerization Inorganic and Physical chemistry at the beginning of the most common of.

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