Leaves are alternate and simple with a mostly flat leaf stalk, blade is broadly triangular (deltoid), 2 to 4 inches long and up to 4¼ inches wide, the base mostly flat across, the corner angles rounded with coarse, rounded teeth, and tapered to an abrupt pointed tip. monilifera) is a variety the Eastern cottonwood, monilifera describing the linear necklace-like strand of seed pods. Eastern cottonwood Foliage Conservation status Least Concern Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Malpighiales Family: Salicaceae Genus: Populus Section: Populus sect. The statute was amended in 1961 to change the scientific name to: Populus deltoides variety monilifera. It is in flower from March to April, and the seeds ripen from May to June. Male catkins are 2 to 4½ inches long with tiers of red stamens. Salicaceae. Your email address: (required) One of the best, pocket-sized tree identification manuals. Not only are plains cottonwoods known for rapid growth, but they are also known for their distinctive leaf shape, size and sound. It is the state tree of Wyoming. P. sargentii Dode] C2 , NA2 The Plains cottonwood is also the largest broadleaf tree of Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming. Perfect for everyone from young students to professional arborists. This is also the state tree of Nebraska, Wyoming, and Kansas. As it ages, the bark becomes rough. The species is dioecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required). 195711 [syn. Insects and diseases that are found most frequently and/or that cause the most damage in our Canadian forests. Its leaves, more broad than long, are slightly smaller and more coarsely toothed than the typical variety. occidentalis Rydb.] The Plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides var. Colorado's major tree species include bristlecone pine, Colorado blue spruce, Douglas-fir, Engelmann spruce, limber pine, lodgepole pine, narrowleaf cottonwood, quaking aspen, piñon pine, plains cottonwood, ponderosa pine, Rocky Mountain juniper, subalpine fir and white fir. Bark light brown, becoming furrowed. Buds are large, round and conical with a sharp point, the terminal bud up to ¾ inch, reddish or yellowish brown and shiny from a sticky, non-aromatic resinous coating. See Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. 34b – Form of tree is tall, wide, open — Plains Cottonwood; Description. A broad, irregularly rounded canopy with coarse, spreading branches. The wood is not durable when exposed to soil and other moist conditions. Male and female flowers are on separate trees (dioecious) in hanging clusters (catkins) from the leaf axils of 1 year old branches. common cottonwood. Photos by K. Chayka taken in Ramsey County. Have you seen this plant in Minnesota, or have any other comments about it? French name: Peuplier deltoïde de l'Ouest Taxonomic Serial Number: 22447 22449 [syn. Neither the flowers nor the fruit are ornamentally significant. Wide, triangular shaped green leaves turn yellow in the fall. Their wide-spreading roots are helpful in reducing erosion and slowing floodwater runoff. However, the fruit can be messy in the landscape and may require occasional clean-up. Trees, insects and diseases of Canada's forests, C2 , NA2, 1 or 2 glands at the base of the leaf blade, Neoformed leaves broadly ovate, hairy when unfolding, Base more rounded than eastern cottonwood, 5–15 rounded teeth per side, no teeth on the tip or near the petiole, Teeth smaller and more numerous on neoformed leaves, Lateral leaf buds slightly smaller, diverging from the twig, Leaf scars large, 3-lobed, with eyelash-like hairs at juncture of bud and scar, Narrow ridges extend down from either side of the bud, Smooth, with age becoming deeply furrowed, Yellowish-grey, with age becoming dark grey, Often divided near the ground into a few large, wide-spreading limbs, Frequently planted on the prairies for shelterbelts, In open stands with other species; sometimes forms pure stands. Leaf blades lanceolate with cuneate bases, 2.5 or more times as long as wide, 4–11 cm long, glaucous below, with petioles 1/3 or less length of blade. May have 2 or 3 glands near base of leaf at top of flat petiole which is 2 1/2 to 4 inches long. alternate. Leaves are a vibrant shiny green, turning yellow in the autumn. Cottonwood trees are common in North America, Europe, and some parts of Asia. The leaves are broad, glossy, and light-green in color. For info on subjects other than plant identification (gardening, invasive species control, edible plants, etc. Fruits is a green, egg-shaped capsule on the long pendulous catkins, splitting into three or four parts when mature releasing copious amounts of cottony seeds to the winds. Eastern cottonwood is one of the few hardwood species that is planted and grown specifically for these purposes. Leaf Arrangement. P. deltoides var. Landscape Attributes. Unlike most other poplar species, Cottonwood does not reproduce by root suckers and does not occur naturally in dense, pure clonal colonies. Funding provided by the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund as recommended by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources. Minnesota's champion tree cottonwood measures a whopping 10-ft diameter at breast height. Ponderosa Pine - … Twigs are greenish and smooth turning a creamy yellow brown the second year. Tree 5–20 m with ascending branches. Cottonwood trees have long triangular-shaped leaves that measure up to 6 inches each and with a growth rate of almost 6 feet every year, they can easily reach heights of 40 meters (approx 130 feet) or more when completely matured. The Fremont Cottonwood, also known as the Western Cottonwood or the Rio Grande Cottonwood, Populus fremontii, occurs in California east to Utah and Arizona and south into northwest Mexico. deltoides), there is a western variety, plains cottonwood (var. ), please check the links and invasive species pages for additional resources. Capsules 3–6 mm long (Lesica 2012. The plains cottonwood is the western subspecies of the Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides). The current national champion plains cottonwood in Ravalli, Montana is believed to have been planted at the turn of the 20 th century, which clearly demonstrates the fast speed at which the species grows. Leaf Attachment. Hardy to -40°F Maximum Elevation: 7,000 Feet In the southern parts of the Prairie provinces; south to TexasNaturalized along many streams and rivers outside its natural rangeIn Ontario, plains cottonwood intergrades with eastern cottonwood. Large beautiful plains cottonwood trees in park immediately to east of grain elevator on highway 28. The bark is smooth and white when the tree is young. Attempts to utilize these hybrids in intensive biomass plantations, both here a abroad, have been hindered with issues like Cottonwood leaf beetle outbreaks and bacterial canker diseases. Help support this site ~ Information for sponsor opportunities. Plains Cottonwood Facts. ... Petioles are flattened on a plane perpendicular to the leaf and there are 2-5 finger-like projections (glands) at the point where the leaf blade meets the petiole. U.S. Weed Information; Populus deltoides . There are 3 recognized subspecies in North America: subsp. The diverse poplar family includes the quaking aspen, which boasts the widest range of any North American tree, and the Plains cottonwood, which was the only tree many early settlers met as they forged westward through America's prairies. Cottony seeds float through the air in early summer. Plains cottonwood ranges from Alberta east to Quebec and south to Rocky Mountain foothills, the Great Plains, Pennsylvania, the Texas panhandle, and New Mexico [ 55, 88, 147, 173, 194 ]. petiolate. It is used for rough construction lumber, temporary fence posts, corral poles, fuel, veneer, boxes, plywood, excelsior, and wood pulp (Taylor, 2001) . Female catkins 3–12 cm long; stigmas 2. Plains Cottonwood Trees (populus deltoides): the greenish-yellow bark of the young tree becomes rough and dark gray as it gets older. Rich green, wide, triangular- shaped leaves turn … Bark is light-grey, almost silver in color and deeply furrowed on mature trees. The leaves are triangular saw-toothed and "quake" in the breeze like an aspen leaf. The Plains Cottonwood is a triangular shaped broad-leafed (Populus sargentii a.k.a. Plains Cottonwood has green foliage throughout the season. It grows faster and taller than most any other local deciduous species of trees. Cottonwood … Pick an image for a larger view. Populus deltoides is a deciduous Tree growing to 30 m (98ft) by 20 m (65ft) at a fast rate. monifilera in the central US and Canada which is found in Minnesota and has leaves with a longer taper to the tip, usually 2 glands on a leaf, and usually hairy winter buds. A massive tree of floodplains, stream valleys and lakeshores, it can also establish on drier upland soils where there is adequate subsurface moisture to see it through droughts. There are cottonwoods on the Great Plains today that were living when the great herds of bison still roamed the prairie. Aigeiros Species: P. deltoides Binomial name Populus deltoides W.Bartram ex Marshall Native range Populus deltoides, the eastern cottonwood or necklace poplar, is a cottonwood poplar native to North America, growing throughout the eastern, central, Usually at the base of the leaf near the stalk are 2 small glands. Photos courtesy Peter M. Dziuk taken in Anoka and Ramsey counties, and in North Dakota. Cottonwoods are related to poplars and aspens, with which they share the same shaking, shimmering leaves. Named after 19th century American explorer John C. Fremont, it is similar to the Eastern Cottonwood, differing mainly in the leaves having fewer, larger serrations on the leaf edge and small … Female catkins are 2½ to 4¼ inches long with yellowish stigmas on top of a naked, round green ovary. Both leaf surfaces are smooth, the upper bright green, the lower only slightly less so. Thanks for your understanding. The fruits split open when ripe and cotton-like material comes out carrying the seeds. The leaves may be triangular or ovate in shape, with a fine serration on the borders. Eckenw. They are also a popular habitat for various forms of local wildlife. All State Trees. Wyoming designated the plains cottonwood as official state tree in 1947. glands where leaf … The leaf on the right, with the long petiole, is from a Populus deltoides, or Plains and eastern cottonwood. Yes. Map of native plant purveyors in the upper midwest. See the glossary for icon descriptions. Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund, part shade, sun; most woods, floodplains, lowland forest along lakes and streams. Cottonwood trees are a common street tree and are the largest native broadleaf trees in Colorado. Each leaf is about 6 inches long and 4 inches wide. eastern cottonwood. wislizeni limited to the southwestern US; subsp. Flat stems make leaves dance in the gentlest of breezes. Further west (Minnesota south to eastern Texas), the subspecies P. d. monilifera (plains cottonwood; syn. One of the common features of all types of cottonwood trees is the fluffy cotton-like strands that appear every June. 3-5 veins meet at leaf base. Many species and hybrids have wood with a variety of uses, including for matches and matchboxes. It is a Fremont cottonwood. occidentalis). Margins have large rounded to pointed teeth. In urban plantings it is a fast growing species that can quickly dwarf the landscape though its weak, brittle wood predisposes it to wind breakage and the copious amounts of cottony wind dispersed seeds can quickly clog up window screens, air conditioner coils and lawnmower filters. Leaves: The leaves of a black cottonwood tree grow alternately in a pale green shade, with a leaf size of 2-2.5 inches in length and width. This tree grows from the eastern plains to 6500 feet (2000 m) in elevation, and possibly higher in canyons of the eastern slope of Colorado. The plains cottonwood is a large, fast-growing, short-lived tree of the Great Plains and eastern border of the Rocky Mountains. Plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Aiton) Eckenwalder – plains cottonwood Populus L. – cottonwood Species: Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall – eastern cottonwood Subspecies: Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall ssp. Also, the edge (margin) of the latter is deeply notched (crenelated), while that of the angustifolia is less so, and the balsamifera's is smooth. plains cottonwood Populus deltoides ssp. It is not encouraged as an “urban” planting, however, in many of our higher communities, it is one of the more popular shade trees. eastern cottonwood, plains cottonwood, common cottonwood, alamo, carolina poplar, necklace poplar Family. It is a plains cottonwood. The only obvious distinction is that eastern trees often have larger leaves, sometimes over 7 inches in leaf blade length. P. deltoid) cottonwood is the Wyoming State Tree. monilifera) is absent in the Midwest (with the possible exception of far western Iowa and Missouri); it is a subspecies of eastern cottonwood that has leaves with 10—30 teeth, and only 1—2 glands where the leaf-stem meets the twig. Great Plains cottonwood (P. sargentii), of North America, has thick coarse-toothed leaves. with flat base, pointed tip. 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