It is also known as Pyridoxine. Ascorbic acid may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. amzn_assoc_search_bar_position = "bottom"; endobj 7 0 obj <> FREE Papers (PDFs) Mock Test & PDFs; Previous Year Papers; Discussion Forum; More. It is an unsaturated long chain alcohol C20H29OH. Fat Soluble Vitamins: these are oily and hydrophobic compounds, they are stored in the liver and not excreted out of the body. It is important in maintaining nerve cell function, producing RBC’s, synthesizing fats and carbohydrates into energy and potentially producing cholesterol, different kinds of hormones and also aiding in the replication of DNA. Vitamin B6, or Pyridoxine - comes from fortified cereals; soy products ; Vitamin B7, or Biotin - is found in fruits; meats ; Vitamin B9, or Folic Acid (Folate) - comes from leafy vegetables Naturally found in plants and animals, vitamins are vital to growth, energy, and nerve function. It is also known as cyanocobalamin. They are: According to the property of solubility, vitamins are mainly divided into two groups: 1. Vitamins. Vitamin C and some Vitamins B are soluble in water and can be destroyed under heat, and thus we should avoid (1) washing them too much (2) cooked them too long time: Vitamin Function Food sources Symptom of deficiency Symptom of excess. Definition of Vitamin and Mineral • Vitamins are organic compounds and minerals are chemical elements that are required as nutrients in small amounts by an organism. amzn_assoc_title = "Shop Your Products"; Classification of Vitamins: Vitamins are generally classified as water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins. The Vitamins: Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health, Fifth Edition, provides the latest coverage of the biochemistry and physiology of vitamins and vitamin-like substances. General Classification of Vitamins Vitamins generally classified into two main broad categories which are, water soluble vitamins (Vit B12, Vit C, folic acid, niacin Vit B3, Vit B1 and Vit B2) and fat soluble vitamins (Vit K, Vit E, Vit D and Vit A). It is also known as pantothenic acid, is a solid crystalline substance. Your body doesn’t produce these vitamins and minerals on its own, and while you can get most of these from a supplement, your body reacts better when these vitamins and minerals come from food. It plays an important role in heart, nerve and muscle function. Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. These are stored in adipose tissues and hence are called fat-soluble vitamins. There is a potential for impaired blood clotting. It is yellow colored oily substance, soluble in fat solvents but insoluble in water. It is a yellowish water-soluble vitamin. Daily Requirement of Vitamin D: 400 IU (10 µg). It is also known as Biotin. The recommendations in this vitamins chart are based largely on guidelines from the Institute of Medicine. An overdose of vitamins A, D, E, or K can cause serious or life-threatening side effects if taken in large doses. %PDF-1.7 Naturally found in plants and animals, vitamins are vital to growth, energy, and nerve function. amzn_assoc_search_bar = "true"; Bile salts and fats are needed for their absorption. %���� Daily Requirement of Vitamin B1: 1.1-1.2 mg. �IZ�[� ��a�C9|i%�E��Ρ�ر�6���-�������"����|��p�W�����|{�ɺ��8Y�g�'�ibTJ�"IJӄF�U�t�Y�b>#W.Y^�v�����nM"�[��3nW����������7��� 'ܒ��0���M���C�@�z�����>u�-vU��y?�]�b�gg�[ �=��c'�I�J�ibO�;l�h���A�P�pC�%FR���=�Dw9���[ߑ���g��ˋ]/tT�ݯ� Each section of the plate represents a food group such as grains, protein, dairy, fruits, and vegetables. =�!�릲{��P������Əq��#!%U:D�n�N� amzn_assoc_ad_type = "smart"; It is water soluble, an essential vitamin which plays an important role in maintaining a healthy metabolism of fatty acids, glucose, and amino acids. Vitamins are organic compounds, found in natural foods which are required for normal growth and maintenance of the body. They are broadly divided into … FDA regulates dietary supplements under a different set of regulations than those covering "conventional" foods and drug products. <> amzn_assoc_default_search_phrase = "shoes"; Vitamin K is found in asparagus, safflower oil, green leafy vegetables, egg yolks and liver . Apart from the normal food we consume, our body requires other compounds like vitamins in small amounts for the proper body functioning and deficiency of these compounds may cause disorders. Catalase Catalase enzyme (CAT) is found in the blood and most of the living cells and decomposes H2O2 into water and oxygen (6.2). At the beginning of the twenty-first century, they are generally rare, although vitamin A deficiency is a major public health problem throughout the developing world, and there is evidence of widespread subclinical deficiencies of vitamins B 2 and B 6 endobj Vitamin B2 Sources: Green beans, asparagus, bananas, peas, persimmons, okra, chard, cottage cheese, milk, yogurt, meat, eggs, egg albumin, fish, liver etc. endobj 11 0 obj vitamins belong to classes of organic compounds, the nomen- clature of which has been considered systematically else- where; for these vitamins the trivial names are given together with the systematic names in the appropriate Rules. There are 13 vitamins essential to the body. 1.Vitamins — standards 2.Micronutrients — standards 3.Trace elements — standards amzn_assoc_default_search_phrase = "Tablets"; Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat soluble. Different types of vitamins and minerals enable healthy body function, such as cell and tissue repair, production of cells, and healthy brain function. Water Soluble Vitamins: Vitamin B complex and endobj 2. It is heat-stable. �#f~��{�"����F��]�O���{���� � �K������ �UT�^ Q�Jlm���w��q=Y*l����Y�h��:�8t蕋� �g�*�r�Բ���dž�U�x��]ӄ:��+�P�a�Vy�{0�n$)M�� v�(������|8N.���! Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential in very small amounts for supporting normal physiologic function. Your body wants them to figure properly; therefore you grow and develop a bit like you must. Vitamin B12 Sources: Fish, shellfish, milk, liver, kidney, meat, eggs, cereals, soy products, yeast etc. Coenzyme classification Coenzymes are part of the active site of the enzyme; they supply reactive groups that are not available on the side chains of the amino acids. It is reddish crystalline solid substance and soluble in water. Add all the sugars together and they equal the number one ingredient. �O%�(�fc�����s(O� Vitamin Supplements. It is heat-stable. amzn_assoc_ad_mode = "search"; ISBN 92 4 154612 3 (LC/NLM Classification… It is an essential element which is needed to metabolize many molecules. 6.1 Schematic representation of classification of antioxidants. It is heat-stable. It is involved in the release of energy in the electron transport system. amzn_assoc_linkid = "df6e3e2dfb2223ece0caaeddeb1e4806"; Vitamins 6. Vitamin and mineral requirements in human nutrition : report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation, Bangkok, Thailand, 21–30 September 1998. The fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E and K. They can be stored in the body. Water-Soluble Vitamins It is capable of neutralizing ROS in the aqueous phase before lipid peroxidation is initiated. In general, vitamins must come from the diet; the body doesn't make them. The word ‘vitamin’ (Latin, vita, life+ amine) is derived from the original word “vitamine”, coined by Casimir Funk in 1912. Infants are more vulnerable. Vitamin B6 Sources: Liver, egg yolk, yeast, kidney, Meats, bananas, dried beans, Peas, soybeans, cereals, vegetables, and nuts, Avocado. 6 0 obj Under the Dietary Supplement Health and … 1 0 obj Vitamins are a group of chemically diverse compounds that vary considerably in their stability and susceptibility to destruction by physical and chemical agents. Daily Requirement of Vitamin A: 5000 IU in adult and 6000-8000 IU in children; It is also known as Calciferols. 2. Sugar is hidden in many labels under a variety of different names. Coenzymes that can be synthesized from common metabolites are referred to as metabolite coenzymes. amzn_assoc_default_browse_node = "13900871"; amzn_assoc_placement = "adunit0"; Vitamins. Classification of Vitamins. Vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta carotene are among the most widely studied dietary antioxidants. $.' a. Demystifying nutrition: the value of food, vitamins and supplements Longwood Seminars, March 5, 2013 The following content is provided by Harvard Health Publications Putting multivitamins to the test Many studies have looked at the effect of vitamin and mineral supplements on disease, but the evidence has never been convincing. Vitamin C and all of the B vitamins, such as thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, B-6, B-12, biotin, folate and pantothenic acid, are water-soluble vitamins. endobj Vitamin C and some Vitamins B are soluble in water and can be destroyed under heat, and thus we should avoid (1) washing them too much (2) cooked them too long time: Vitamin Function Food sources Symptom of deficiency Symptom of excess. �C�JS+B�'�ɢF�E�eIRFy����XE�.^Ȩ"��4��E���%���� �=2(׀m#ϦX�O@��0X���z�O��X��fe��2QV�x����t��(�];��/���m���I�4"������w��Xj��� ����)a@Y0j��d~�4r�y2���g��/r��VhrV��������.�re���ɲ��O���u�(٦��vHrU7s:��JIeh"zJf;t#�ɻ�!T�(쐫�����v(������ �C���c�=���l�j;: t"B��Ӝj�{F��S��7qEu���&�*8*E^�6��2ك�'*&��`�����+ c=c_�is��s����Q�ܹ0� OΟi�K��ߚy+������J�^�=egƬ��D��j2�k��r|\e��p��i�B�vV{�z�p�q�����$R�/��giȕTCAW?�+á� ����w@�)U"�CQC������X��U�{>F��������6�w@�gL��3b��8vJF�Ou;m��n��ĸ�&���Lੜs�� ��� This is a diverse form of vitamin and further divided into B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B12. Vitamin A, E, K and D are fat soluble vitamins whereas, vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, B12, biotic and vitamin C are water soluble vitamins. <> This guide will: 1. provide some or all of the commodity codes for particular items and types 2. explain the differences between codes or headings affecting these items 3. detail any exceptions or rules You will still need to look up the full commodity code to use on your declaration using the Trade Tariff Tool. Classification of Vitamins. Classification of Vitamins. SUBJECT Guidelines for the Classification of Vitamins and Minerals as Drug Or as Food The National Drug Committee (NDC) in a letter dated August 5, 1991 has recommended to BEAD the guidelines for the classification of vitamins and minerals as food or as drug. The size of the group corresponds to the number of recommended servings. Vitamins are of two types and they are mentioned below: amzn_assoc_ad_mode = "manual"; Toxicity: Minimal side effects have been noted in adults taking supplements in doses less than 2000 mg/day. It is colorless crystalline solid substance and soluble in water. Classification of vitamins • Water soluble Vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 Vitamin B3 Vitamin B5 Vitamin B6 Vitamin B7/H Vitamin B9 Vitamin B12 Vitamin C Cannot be stored and is readily extracted from the body • Fat soluble Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K Can be stored in fat cells when excess is present and easily absorbed through the intestinal tract It enables the body to use carbohydrates as energy. soluble vitamins. It is also known as niacin, is a white crystalline and soluble in water. The thirteen different kinds of vitamins required for effective functioning of the human body may be classified into two categories namely water and fat-soluble vitamins. stream You need vitamin C to protect all cells and to help your immune system work efficiently, while all of the B vitamins rely on each other to metabolize nutrients from the foods you eat. Naph- thoquinones, previously defined by Rule V-4, are now considered under the Nomenclature of Quinones with Isoprenoid Side Chains (page 3). 2. It is a yellow oily substance, soluble in fat soluble but insoluble in water. CLASSIFICATION OF VITAMINS Vitamins are classified according to their ability to be absorbed in fat or water 1. Vitamins: Vitamins help with chemical reactions in the body. amzn_assoc_default_category = "PCHardware"; A vitamin is an essential compound of organic molecules that cannot be synthesized in the body but acquired through the diet that the person intakes. Your body doesn’t produce these vitamins and minerals on its own, and while you can get most of these from a supplement, your body reacts better when these vitamins and minerals come from food. Vitamins are required for growth in children, formation of hormones, blood cells, tissues and bones. Vitamin C is important for bones and connective tissues, muscles, and blood vessels. Vitamin K is a fat soluble vitamin. Biochemists traditionally separate them into two groups, the water-soluble vitamins and the fat-soluble vitamins. <> It contains cobalt. According to the property of solubility, vitamins are mainly divided into two groups: 1. Balances fluids in the body. For example: Vitamin D in milk helps our bones. The thirteen different kinds of vitamins required for effective functioning of the human body may be classified into two categories namely water and fat-soluble vitamins. Fat-Soluble Vitamins Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat-soluble. Xerophthalmia clinical classification and diagnosis 8 XN Night blindness 9 X1A, X1B Conjunctival xerosis and Bitot’s spot 9 X2 Corneal xerosis 11 X3A, X3B Corneal ulceration/keratomalacia 11 XS Scars 12 ... Vitamin A, or retinol, is a fat-soluble substance found in liver Vitamins fit into one of two categories: water-soluble or fat-soluble. So, a substance that is a vitamin in one species may not be a vitamin in others. Vitamin C Sources: Broccoli, spinach; Cauliflower, Potatoes, Cabbage, Citrus fruits(lemon, orange), Apple, Tomatoes, Strawberries, mangoes etc. Vitamins PPT | PDF | PowerPoint Presentation. endobj 10 0 obj They cannot be synthesized in our body and hence need to be supplemented in the diet. Vitamins generally cannot be synthesized in amounts sufficient to meet bodily needs and therefore must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source. Whereas they are not possible to be synthesized in our bodies they are easily synthesized in plants. The stability of individual vitamins in premixes and finished feeds varies according to a number of factors. Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin consumption. It is water soluble and acts as a precursor of coenzyme A. Plants synthesize all vitamins they require and therefore vegetables and fruits are rich sources of vitamins. <> Vitamins are classified several different ways, according to how they travel through your body and the various roles they play in keeping you healthy. VITAMINS CLASSIFICATION VITAMINSWater soluble vitamins include ii) Fat soluble vitamins include Vitamin C also called citric acid Vitamin A ( Retinol) Vitamin B1 (thiamine) Vitamin D Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Vitamin B3 (niacin) Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) D2 (Ergocalciferol) D3 (Cholicalciferol) Vitamin B9 (folic acid) Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) Vitamin E (Tocoferol) Vitamin B12 … It is also known as Tocopherols and tocotrienols. amzn_assoc_search_bar = "true"; It has a strong antioxidant property which prevents unwanted oxidation in the body; It helps in the synthesis of proteins (prothrombin) involved in blood coagulation and bone metabolism; It acts as a coenzyme for transaminases, decarboxylases, and deaminases etc; It takes part in the formation and maturation of RBC(Red blood cells);It acts as a coenzyme; It regulates oxidation and acts as a hydrogen carrier inside the cell;It maintains the integrity of colloidal intercellular substances; It helps in the development of matrix and deposition of calcium and phosphorous in the bones; It is a component of rhodopsin(eye), essential for night vision; It maintains the health and activity epithelial tissue as and glands; It maintains the integrity of nerves tissue and epithelial tissue; It helps reproduction and embryonic development; It helps in the bone formation by direct action on the bone cell; It helps the absorption of calcium and phosphorous from intestine; It helps in proper mineralization of bones; Mal-development of teeth various bony deformities; It participates in cellular electron transport system; It is essential for embryonic development; It is required for normal functions of muscles; It helps in the formation of the cell membrane; Atrophy of germinal epithelial of genital organs; It acts as a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism; It helps in the oxidation of sugar in the tissue and brain; It is concerned in the neuromuscular transmission of impulse; It plays an important role in heart, nerve and muscle function; It helps in the maintenance of epithelial and mucosal integrity; It acts as cofactors which are essential for flavoprotein enzyme reactions; Angular stomatitis (oral fissures at corners of the mouth); It is a prosthetic group in the coenzyme A; It helps in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism; It helps in the breakdown of fats and carbohydrates to produce energy; It helps in some unsaturated fatty acids amino acids metabolism; It helps in the synthesis of fat from proteins and carbohydrates; It helps to create RBC (red blood cells); It helps to releases sugar from stored carbohydrate to get energy; Convulsion and hyperirritability in infants etc; Enteritis or inflammation of the intestine; It helps in the synthesis of DNA in the nucleus of the cell; It helps to prevent abnormal brain growth; It helps against anemia, indigestion and skin disorder; It is essential for proper cell division; It reduces symptoms and side effects of anemia; It helps to prevent liver disorder, kidney disorder, and mouth ulcers; It has a role in nucleoprotein metabolism; It plays an important role in wound repair; It controls the metabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine; It is the powerful and essential antioxidant in the body; Best Aquarium Stands: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Anatomical Skeletons: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Aquarium Sump Pump: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Lab Coats: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Filter for Turtle Tank: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Best Nano Reef Tank: Review and Buying Guide 2020, Enterobius vermicularis: Morphology, Life Cycle and Pathogenesis, Ancyclostoma duodenele: Morphology, Life Cycle and Pathogenesis, Neuron: Definition, Classification, Structure and Functions, Sinusitis : Causes, Symptoms and Treatments. It is also known as Ascorbic acid. <>/Font<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> The word vitamin is a combination of Latin words “vita” and “amine” which means life and nitrogen respectively. They are classified based on how they dissolve in your body. 9.312 Water-Soluble Vitamins: Vitamin skin, eyes, and mucous membranes of the B-Complex and Vitamin C. What are Fat-Soluble Vitamins? Vitamins are usually designated by selected letters of the alphabet, as in vitamin D or vitamin C, though they are also designated by chemical names, such as niacin and folic acid. Vitamin K Sources: Cauliflower, Cabbage, Cereals, spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce, Brussels sprouts, asparagus, Legumes, Beets, Wheat germ, Peanut butter, Fish, liver, beef, eggs, Egg yolk, kidney, Milk, Pork, Yeast, Nuts. Vitamin E (tocopherol) Deficiency: Only noticed in those with severe malnutrition. 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